This dataset include data on infringement cases. There is one observation per case (2002-2020). The dataset includes information on the department responsible for the case, the member state that the case is against, and the progression of the case through the infringement procedure.
cases
A data frame with 47 variables:
Numeric. An ID number that uniquely identifies each observation in the dataset.
String. An ID number that uniquely identifies each infringement case.
Numeric. The number of the case.
Numeric. The year of the case.
Numeric. An ID number that uniquely identifies each member state. This ID number is assigned when member states are sorted by accession date and then alphabetically.
String. The name of the member state that the Commission opened the case against.
String. A two letter code assigned by the Commission that uniquely identifies each member state.
Numeric. An ID number that uniquely identifies each Commission department.
String. The name of the Commission department that opened the infringement case.
String. A multi-letter code assigned by the Commission that uniquely identifies each department.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the description
of the infringement case provided by the Commission references a directive
that the case relates to. Directive numbers have the format
####/####, where the first set of numbers is the year the directive
was enacted and the second set is the number of the directive.
String. The number of the directive that the
infringement case relates to, if applicable. Coded NA if the
description of the case provided by the Commission does not reference a
specific directive number.
String. The CELEX number of the directive that the
infringement case relates to, if applicable. Coded NA if the
description of the case provided by the Commission does not reference a
specific directive number. CELEX numbers for directives have the format
3####L####, where the first set of numbers is the year the directive
was enacted and the second set is the number of the directive.
Numeric. An ID number that uniquely identifies each
type of state aid cases. Coded 1 for noncommunication cases, which
are cases that relate to a member state failing to notify the Commission
that it has transposed a directive by the stated deadline. Coded 2
for nonconformity cases, which are cases that relate to a member state
incorrectly transposing a directive.
String. The type of the infringement case. There are two
types of cases. Coded noncommunication for cases that relate to a
member state failing to notify the Commission that it has transposed a
directive by the stated deadline. Coded nonconformity for cases that
relate to a member state incorrectly transposing a directive.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the infringement case is a noncommunication case, which is a case that relates to a member state failing to notify that Commission that it has transposed a directive by the stated deadline.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the infringement case is a nonconformity case, which is a case that relates to a member state incorrectly transposing a directive.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the public records published by the Commission about the case are complete in that they include a record of a letter of formal notice under Article 258 of the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU), a record of the closing of the case, and a record of any stages of the infringement procedure in between.
Numeric. The number of press releases published by the Commission related to the case.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a letter of formal notice sent by the Commission under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a reasoned opinion sent by the Commission under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a referral to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) made by the Commission under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a letter of formal notice sent by the Commission under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a reasoned opinion sent by the Commission under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a referral to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) made by the Commission under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is the closing of the case by the Commission.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is the withdrawal of the case by the Commission.
String. A summary of the history of the case, including all decisions taken by the Commission in the case (with dates).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a letter of formal notice sent by the Commission under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a reasoned opinion sent by the Commission under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a referral to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) made by the Commission under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a letter of formal notice sent by the Commission under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a reasoned opinion sent by the Commission under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the decision is a referral to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) made by the Commission under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU). Corrected based on data about decisions made by the Commission at later stages of the infringement process.
Numeric. The number of decisions issued by the Commission in the case. Based on the corrected data.
Numeric. The number of letters of formal notice sent by the Commission under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Numeric. The number of reasoned opinions sent by the Commission under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Numeric. The number of referrals to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) made by the Commission under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Numeric. The number of letters of formal notice sent by the Commission under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Numeric. The number of reasoned opinions sent by the Commission under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Numeric. The number of referrals to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) made by the Commission under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU).
Numeric. The number of decision stages prior to the last observed decision stage that are missing.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the Commission does not report a letter of formal notice under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) but does report a decision at a later stage of the infringement process.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the Commission does not report a reasoned opinion under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) but does report a decision at a later stage of the infringement process.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the Commission does not report a referral to the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) under Article 258 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) but does report a decision at a later stage of the infringement process.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the Commission does not report a letter of formal notice under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) but does report a decision at a later stage of the infringement process.
Dummy. A dummy variable indicating whether the Commission does not report a reasoned opinion under Article 260 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (TFEU) but does report a decision at a later stage of the infringement process.